Michael-type thiol-based additive. A systematic evaluation of your control factors. (2023)

Biomaterials, volume 62, 2015, blz. 24-34

Cardiovascular diseases, both congenital and adult, are serious health problems that are often treated with surgery. Bypass transplantation is a main therapy, but grafts often fail due to hyperplasia, fibrosis and atherosclerosis. Biocompatible cellular materials that reduce these complications and promote healthy microvascularity could reduce graft failure, but a better understanding of the effects of biomaterials on human stem cells is needed to achieve clinical benefit. Our group is investigating stem cell-loaded biomaterials for placement along the adventitia of compromised vessels and grafts. In this case, the effects of the substrate module on CD34+ stem cells from human umbilical cord blood were investigated. Cells were isolated by immunomagnetic separation and encapsulated in 3, 4 and 6 wt% PEG hydrogels containing 0.032% gelatin and 0.0044% fibronectin. The gels reached moduli of 0.34, 4.5 and 9.1 kPa. Cell viability approached 100%. Cell morphologies appeared to be similar in the gels, but proliferation was significantly lower in the 6 wt% gels. Expression profiles using stem cell signaling arrays revealed greater self-renewal and differentiation in the vascular endothelium between cells in the lower weight percent gels. Therefore, the modulus was associated with cell proliferation and function. Gels with moduli in the low kilopascal range may be useful for stimulating cell engraftment and microvascularization of the graft adventitia.

Chemical Engineering Journal, Volume 304, 2016, pp. 461-468

Uniform, highly cross-linked functional group particles are very useful, but are difficult to achieve by conventional dispersion polymerization. Here we develop a one-step dispersion polymerization based on the thiol-isocyanate reaction to produce such particles. This polymerization takes place energy-efficiently at room temperature without additional catalyst/initiator or UV treatment, achieves a high monomer conversion and has few side reactions. It is shown that by adjusting the stabilizer concentration and the monomer/ethanol ratio, particles with a size ranging from 1.8 to 8 µm can be produced. The thiourethane bonds created give the particles high glass transition temperatures (Tg) and uniform networks. Moreover, due to the stepwise growth mechanism of thiol isocyanate, the particles can be intrinsically functionalized and available for further modifications. As an attempt to perform the thiol-isocyanate reaction in dispersion polymerization, this method offers the possibility to produce uniform, functional and highly cross-linked particles in a one-step dispersion polymerization.

Microchemical Magazine, Band 169, 2021, Artikel 106603

Chalcones and their derivatives are promising drugs that have antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, among others. The biological activity of chalcones and derivatives is related to their reactivity with cellular thiols such as reduced glutathione (GSH), the major non-protein thiol compound found in mammals. Here three symmetrically halogenated bishalcones (SHBC) were synthesized and their Michael addition reaction withGSHwas studied to investigate whether the compounds' cytotoxic effects correlated with theirsGSHreactivity. Formation of two diastereoisomeric adducts (SG) was observed as a result of the addition ofGSHto one of the unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds and other diastereoisomeric adducts (Diploma) were formed by adding another oneGSHMolecule to the second carbon-carbon double bond. However, the reactivity of the compounds withGSHit did not correlate directly with its toxicity to cancer cells in vitro.

Reactive and Functional Polymers, Volume 122, 2018, pp. 60-67

A new dual cure schedule for thiol-acrylate-epoxy blends has been developed. A photoinitiated latent catalyst system was used to perform the thiol-acrylate Michael addition at 35°C (step 1) followed by a thiol-epoxide click reaction (step 2) at 80-110°C. Intermediates showed a shelf life of several days. The use of a radical scavenger suppressed the radical-mediated homopolymerization of acrylates, which would otherwise leave unreacted thiols. The kinetics of stage 2 were mathematically analyzed using the isoconversion differential method and the Kamal regression model. glass transition temperatures (T_gram) of samples with different epoxy resin contents and different types of acrylates. The epoxy-rich formulations gave the highest resultsT_gram. The use of higher functionality acrylate monomers and stiffer acrylate monomers, although not as big an impact as the epoxy content, resulted in a higher intermediate and final capacity.T_gram. The proposed curing schedule and resulting materials may be useful for applications such as adhesives, industrial coatings with high chemical resistance, and optical and electronic materials.

European Polymer Journal, Volume 137, 2020, Article 109926

Developments in synthetic polymer chemistry aim to meet the great need to develop efficient, high-throughput and operationally simple chemical methods that can be easily scaled up to the macromolecular scale. In this sense, thiol-based reactions have experienced a renaissance in the past two decades and are widely used in polymer chemistry. Among the thiol-yne reactions, because of the fast reaction speed to form complex macromolecular structures, such as. linear/non-linear polymers and network structures, and the reactions can take place in both organic and aqueous media. More importantly, thiol-yne reactions can proceed via the free radical and nucleophilic pathways, providing a remarkable opportunity to tailor polymer synthesis to the desired applications. Today, nucleophilic thiol-yne reactions are often used at the macromolecular level, as the reactions are simply activated by the use of a base or proceed in a slightly basic medium without the need for an external controller (e.g., heat and light). In addition, recent studies have shown that nucleophilic thiol-yne reactions not only enable even faster polymerization, but also lead to the rapid construction of hydrogels with unique properties and the preparation of reaction-based dynamic bond exchange reactions. of thiol-alquinone. This overview summarizes the historical developments in nucleophilic thiol-yne reactions in terms of polymer synthesis, modification and applications.

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, Band 389, 2020, Artikel 112288

A new water-soluble polymeric (photo)initiator has been developed for the efficient double-curing of acrylate and methacrylate mixtures. The thioxanthone (10 wt%) functionalized initiator (PAATX) was synthesized from the aza-Michael addition reaction of a poly(amidoamine) (prepared from the reactions of 1,4-diaminobutane with ).N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide) to 9-oxo-9H-thioxanthen-2-yl acrylate. It was used for the polymerization of a mixture of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA, M_norte=575D). The first stage of healing is the addition of Aza-Michael between PEGDA and the PAATX amines; and the second is the visible light-initiated radical polymerization (PAATX has an absorption maximum in the near UV-Vis range, ~400 nm) of HEMA and the rest of the acrylates. The kinetics of the curing reactions were investigated using FTIR and Photo-DSC. Steady-state photolysis results show that PAATX/bis-(4-ThirdThe -butylphenyl)-iodonium hexafluorophosphate (iodine) system shows the highest rate of photolysis, which means that PAATX generates free radicals more efficiently via a photo-oxidation mechanism. The excited-state reactivity was studied using steady-state photolysis, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence, and laser flash photolysis experiments. Surprisingly, the newly reported structure shows singlet-state reactivity, contrary to the usual behavior of thioxanthone derivatives.